Fundamentals of Computer Graphics, Part 8

Contents:

Chapter 18 : Using Graphics Hardware

What is Graphics Hardware,.?
Describing Geometry for Hardware.
Triangle Strips
Indexed Drawing
Indexed triangles, or some combination of vertex arrays and meshes
Display lists and Vertex Buffer Objects
Processing Geometry into Pixels
Programming the pipeline
Basic Execution Model
Example of phong shading using a vertex shader and a then using a fragment shader
General Purpose computing on GPU.

Radiometry
Light, measured in joules
Photons, wavelength, frequency and the speed of light.
- Frequency is independent of the refractive index of the medium, wavelength and speed are not.
- Energy = Plank's contant X frequency
Spectral Energy = Energy for a spectral range = Energy/delta(wavelength)
Power = (Spectral )energy per unit time
Irradiance = How much light at this point = Power per unit area
Radiance = How much light from this direction = Irradianc/delta(solid angle)
BRDF : Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function
Lambertian surfaces
Transport Equation.
Photometry
Luminance

Colorimetry
Grassman's Law
Cone responses
Color matching experiments
Standard Observers
- Tristimulus functions(RGB)
Chromaticity diagrams
UV color values
Color Spaces
CIE X Y Z color space is the most popular and standard, but is not physically practical.
Other color spaces are used and CIE XYZ is generally used for transforming in between different color spaces.
Constructing a Matrix Transform
Chromatic Adaptation
Color Appearance

Goal of a computer graphics system: to be perceptually effective.
Vision Science
Visual Sensitivity
Human vision sees the changes in the light intensity or energy, not the absolute magnitude. yhis we are able to recognize spatial and temporal light patterns over a wide range of intensities.
Fortunately, this is a good thing for computer graphics and display devices.
Brightness and Contrast.
Our currently available displays can not produce illumination differences as deep as our visual receptors.
Color
- HSV color space for human perception.
Dynamic Range
- Light and dark adaptaion
- Photopic(bright light, only cones), Scoptic(dark light, only rods) and mesopic(overlap.) conditions
Field-of-View and Acuity
Motion
Spatial Vision
Frames of reference and Measurement Scales
Accommodation and Convergence
Binocular Density
Motion Cues
Pictorial Cues
Objects, Locations and Events
Object recognition
Size and Distance
Events
Picture Perception