Fundamentals of Computer Graphics, Part 9

Contents:

Chapter 23 : Tone Reproduction

HDR : High Dynamic Range
Classification
Dynamic Range
Color
Image Formation
Frequency-Based Operators
Gradient-Domain operators
Spatial Operators
Division
Sigmoids
Other Approaches
- Histogram Equalization
Night Tonemapping
Discussion
- Global illumination generally produces HDR images,
- Real-time rendering applications considerations: Sigmoid operators or Histogram equalization are good enough.

Particle Tracing for Lambertian Scenes
- Very randomized algorithm
- For each of n particles, calculate power, compute a random point on source, compute a random direction, while a random condition is satisfied, compute ray-intersection, add luminance to intersected surface, modify the power and ray, continue.
Path Tracing
- A ray is followed from through a pixel from the eye and scattered through the scene until it hits a luminaire.
Accurate Direct Lighting
Mathematical Framework
Modeling a spherical Luminiare
Non-diffuse luminiaries

Real-World Materials
- Smooth Dielectrics and Metals
- Rough Surfaces
- Diffuse Materials
- Translucent Materials
- Layered Materials
Implementing Reflection Models
Specular Reflection Modes
Smooth Layered Model
Rough Layered Model

Background
History
Resource Limitations
- Computational capacity
- Human perceptual and cognitive capacity
- Display Capacity
Data Types
Tables
- Items and attributes
- Quantitative, Ordered and Categorical attributes
Graphs
Dimension and Item count
Data Transformation and Derived Dimensions
Human-Centered Design Process
Task Categorization - Iterative design process of requirement gathering.
Abstraction
Technique and Algorithm Design
Validation
Visual Encoding Principles
Visual Channel Characteristics
Color : Three different channels : Hue, Saturation and Lightness, Proper use of colormaps
2D vs 3D spatial layouts
- Occlusion is a major problem in 3D
- perspective distortion is another
Text Labels
- Text de-cluttering
Interaction Principals
Overview First, Zoom and Filter, Details on Demand
Interactivity Costs : it has both power and cost.
Animation
Composite and Adjacent views
Single Drawing
Superimposing and Layering
Glyphs
Multiple Views
Data Reduction
Overviews and Aggregation
Filtering and Navigation
Focus + Context
Dimensionality reduction
- slicing, projection, dimensional filtering
- Principal Component Analysis
Examples
Tables
- General tables, table lens,
Graphs
- 2D, 3D, nodelink, adjacenecy matrix
Trees
- Treemaps, node-link
Geographic
Spatial Fields